+-----+ | I E | +-----+ This is a screen editor, based on single key stroke commands, and immediate entry of text. It is very simple to use, but can provide many advanced features. __________________ 1 Getting started To edit a file on any system that supports IE just say: IE file Then, any text you type will be inserted into the file where the cursor is on the screen. The RETURN key has a similar effect as when used outside the editor, that is it takes new lines. The DEL key deletes the character to the left of the cursor, including new lines. The ARROW keys move arround the screen. To close the edit and write back the modified file, press the COMMA (,) key on the numeric keypad at the right hand side of the keyboard. If you do NOT want to keep what changes you have made the edit can be ABORTED by typing Ctrl-Y, when you will be asked if you really want to abort, typing Y or Ctrl-Y in response to this leaves the editor without writting back the modified file. _________________ 2 Terminal types The following terminals are supported: Visual 200 (V200) Visual 55 (V55) Wyse 75 (WY75) VT100 * VT220 Wyse 50 (WY50) ** Freedom 100 ** * Most terminals provide this as an emulation mode. ** These terminals were only added as experiments, they not covered by this manual. _____________ 3 Key naming The following types of terminal keys will be referred to in this manual: Standard: ordinary letters, plus main function control keys which now have long names, such as RETURN. Control: written as Ctrl- plus the letter. Function: these are labelled F0 upwards, many terminals start at 1 F1 now rather than F0. VT100oid terminals also have a set of keys PF1 to PF4, these are not treated as function keys by IE, but as oddities, see below. True VT100s do not have function keys, which is rather restrive, so IE interprets PF1 followed by a digit as being F0 to F9. Keypad: these are the numeric keys on the right hand of the keyboard. These are either normal, when written as Keypad followed by a number, or shifted, when written as Function Keypad and then a number. To obtain the Function Keypad values on Visual 200 press the CONVERT FUNCTION key with the keypad digit. On the Visual 55 thisa key is labelled FUNCTION. On VT100oid terminals PF1 must be pressed once, before hand. Oddities: Terminal manufacturers like to put all sorts of bizarre extra keys on their products. This is a pain for editors, but IE tries to cope. Visual 200s have extra keys galore, such as CP and CL. VT100oid terminals have PF1 to PF4, IE uses PF1 as a shift, but PF2-4 can be used, as can PF1 followed by PF2 which is the same as Function PF1. _____________ 4 Calling IE IE is currently mounted on the following systems: VAX/VMS VAX Unix 4.2bsd APM To simply edit a file use the command: IE file Or to edit one file onto another, use the command IE file1 file2 on VAX/VMS and Unix IE file1/file2 on the APM The following command line switches are available. On VAX/VMS the switch is proceeded by a /, on UNIX and the APM a -. ___________ 4.1 CREATE Ignore any existing file of the given name; always start with an empty buffer. ___________ 4.2 IGNORE This qualifier is used in association with the RECOVER switch to indicate that any differences in editing environment between the original edit and the recovery edit should be ignored. See the 2 section on Journalising for further details. ____________ 4.3 JOURNAL The qualifier JOURNAL= can be used to override the default journal file name, see the section of Journalising for further details. _____________ 4.4 KEYBOARD The qualifier KEYBOARD= can be used to override the default keyboard file. _________ 4.5 LAST Edit the file that was last edited. ___________ 4.6 MEMORY This sets the edit memory to be the file being edited. If the editor is invoked with no file name after this the memory file will be edited. The position within the file when the last edit was closed is remember between memory edit sessions, unless the NOSAVE_POSITION qualifier is used. The TOP switch can be used to override the saved position when starting an edit. ____________ 4.7 PROFILE On VAX/VMS the /NOProfile switch may be used to cause any profile file that is in use to be ignored. On all systems PROFILE= can be used to set up a value for the profile file. _________ 4.8 READ This is used to prevent files being written out, thus avoiding accidental damage. ____________ 4.9 RECOVER This invokes the edit recovery mechanism, see the section on Journalising. _____________________ 4.10 NOSAVE_POSITION This switch indicates that the last used position in a memory edit should not be remembered. See the qualifier MEMORY for further details. 3 ____________ 4.11 SILENT This suppress the printing of the "Reading from ..." messages at the start and finish of edits. This is very useful in command files and when calling the editor as a subroutine. _________ 4.12 TOP The saved memory edit position should not be used, at the start of the edit the cursor will be at the top of the file. See the switch MEMORY for more details. ___________ 4.13 WIDTH If you are using a terminal that has a width other than 80 characters the WIDTH= qualifier can be used to specify the terminals width. This is most useful when using an option like 132 columns on VT100oid terminals. On VAX/VMS the value given using SET TERMINAL/WIDTH= will be used by default. On the APM the operating system internal value is used, as is the screen height. This means that if the Level 1 graphics Visual 200 emulator is in use IE utilises all the available screen space. ____________________ 4.14 Terminal Types __________________ 4.14.1 On VAX/VMS Normally the default terminal type is used, but this may be overridden using the qualifiers /VT100 /VT220 /V200 /WY75 /V55. For more exotic terminals the form /DEVICE_TYPE= should be used. ___________________ 4.14.2 On VAX Unix This is taken from the termcap type at the moment. ______________ 4.14.3 On APM The value of the symbol TERMINAL is translated for the default terminal type, but the following qualifiers are provided: -V200 -V55 -VT100 -VT220 -Freedom100 -WY50 -WY75 4 __________ 5 Display IE displays a section of the file you are editing in a WINDOW. This window is always the full width of the screen, and is normally the full height of the screen. It is possible to reduce the size of the window's height using the WINDOW TOP and WINDOW BOTTOM profile options. Also on VAX/VMS systems broadcast messages are trapped and displayed in a special one line Broadcast Window at the top of the screen in FEATURE MODE and stay there until cancelled. FEATURE MODE is a terminal independent method of highlighting text. On Visual 200 and Visual 55 terminals feature mode appears dimmer than surrounding text; on VT100 and VT220s in inverse video; on Wyse 75 whatever the current setting of the Attribute setup value is, this is recommended to be either INVERSE or UNDERLINE for IE, but not DIM, as this does not look so good. If a line is longer than the width of the terminal (normally 80 characters) a graphics character like a T turned on its side is displayed in the rightmost column on the screen. If the cursor is standing on this character it means that it is in fact some number of characters off the right hand side of the screen. Control characters are displayed in a helpful fashion. The ASCII HT character is interpreted as being an 8 character position TAB, as presented by VAX/VMS and VAX/Unix. Normally the space occupied by TAB filling is simply blank (spaces) but the TAB SHOW option can be set to print a graphics character in each column position that the TAB moves accross. On Visual 200 and Visual 55 terminals this is a double dot character, on VT100, VT220 and Wyse 75 it is represented by a single character position HT symbol. Other control characters are displayed as ^in FEATURE MODE, and occupy two character positions on the screen, but appear for editing purposes as one. Characters with the eighth bit set are displayed with a degrees sign before them, including control characters which then take up three character positions. Bugs: Long lines: The Delete Word and Change Text command do not update the long line marker correctly. If the cursor is on t he last character of the line and text is inserted before it off the end of the line, the end of line marker is not inserted until the screen is refreshed. HT display: This does not interact well with the end of line marker, use shorter lines! ____________ 6 Insertion Normally to insert text, just type. This inserts at the current position what you type just as you would expect. The RETURN key is bound to a function called Break Line which takes a new line, also as you would expect. Some other sueful functions are described below. 5 ________________ 6.1 Insert Line Bindings: All terminals: Keypad 7 This insert a new blank line above the current line. The cursor is moved to the same level of indentation as on the current line, but on the new line. The current line is unaffected. If the AUTO INDENT option is set to NO, then the cursor is moved to the start of the new line. _______________ 6.2 Break Line Bindings: All terminals: RETURN This breaks the current line at the cursor position. Any text after the cursor is moved onto a new line indented as much as on the current line. The cursor is then moved to the start of the text on the new line. If the AUTO INDENT option is set to NO the text is moved to the start of the new line. ___________________ 6.3 Insert Literal Bindings: All terminals: Ctrl-P This allows any typeable character to be inserted at the current cursor position. This is useful for inserting keys that are normally bound to other functions, such as RETURN, or Ctrl-P itself. _________________ 6.4 Insert ASCII Bindings: All terminals: Ctrl-A This allows control characters to be inserted at the current cursor position by ASCII value. The prompt "ASCII: " appears on the top line of the window and the ASCII code of the desired character can be typed in decimal. Bugs: The NUL character can not be inserted in this fashion, use Ctrl-P and Ctrl-@. _______________ 6.5 Insert TAB Bindings: All terminals: TAB Thi, by default, does not insert the ASCII HT character, but rather inserts spaces until the next internal tab stop is reached. The TAB WIDTH option can be used to set the number of spaces between tab stops. _________________ 6.6 Typing Modes By default text typed at the terminal is inserted into the text. It is also possible to select a mode whereby typed text overwrites 6 existing text. The following commands manipulate this mode setting. __________________ 6.6.1 Insert Mode Bindings: Visual 55: N/A All other terminals: Keypad 7 Enters text insertion mode. _____________________ 6.6.2 Overwrite Mode Bindings: Visual 55: N/A All other terminals: Function Keypad 7 Enters text overwrite mode. __________________ 6.6.3 Toggle Mode Bindings: Visual 55: Keypad 7 All other terminals: N/A Swaps from insert mode to overwrite mode. ___________ 7 Movement Horizontal movement is counted in characters, where HTs and control characters count as one character. Vertical movement is counted in lines. During vertical movement the editor always tries to keep one line above or below the current line on the screen. This is obviously not possible at the begining and end of the file. _________ 7.1 Left Bindings: All Terminals: Left Arrow This moves the cursor one character to the left, unless at the start of a line, in which case it has no effect. __________ 7.2 Right Bindings: All Terminals: Right Arrow This moves the cursor one character to the right, unless at the end of the line, in which case it has no effect. _______ 7.3 Up Bindings: All Terminals: Up Arrow (N.B. not the ^ character) The cursor is moved onto the previous line, unless at the top of the file, in which case it has no effect. 7 If there is text on the line above up to the point where the cursor is then the character position of the cursor is unchanged. If however the line above is shorter than the current one, the cursor is moved to the end of the text on the line above, possibly the start of the line if it is empty. If the WIGGLE option is set to YES then the cursor will be moved back out again when on a subsequent Up command moving onto a long enough line. If the option FREE CURSOR is set to YES, then the cursor does not move its character position at all. _________ 7.4 Down Bindings: All Terminals: Down Arrow The cursor is moved onto the next line, unless at the bottom of the file, in which case it has no effect. If there is text on the line below up to the point where the cursor is then the character position of the cursor is unchanged. If however the line below is shorter than the current one, the cursor is moved to the end of the text on the line below, possibly the start of the line if it is empty. If the WIGGLE option is set to YES then the cursor will be moved back out again when on a subsequent Down command moving onto a long enough line. If the option FREE CURSOR is set to YES, then the cursor does not move its character position at all. ________________ 7.5 End of Line Bindings: All Terminals: Keypad 1 This moves the cursor to the end of the current line. This command drops a Magic Marker, see Last Position command for further details. ________________ 7.6 End of Page Bindings: All Terminals: Keypad 3 This moves the cursor the end of the line current the last one on the screen. A new line is scrolled onto the screen unless at the end of the file. This command can be used with the Scroll Page Down command to scan through a file a screen full at a time. This command drops a Magic Marker, see Last Position command for further details. 8 ________________ 7.7 End of File Bindings: All Terminals: Keypad 2 This moves the cursor to the last line of the file. This command drops a Magic Marker, see Last Position command for further details. __________________ 7.8 Start of Line Bindings: All Terminals: Keypad 0 The moves the cursor to the start of the current line. This command drops a Magic Marker, see Last Position command for more details. __________________ 7.9 Start of Page Bindings: All Terminals: Function Keypad 3 The cursor is moved to the start of the line currently at the top of the screen. A new line is scrolled onto the top of the screen unless at the top of the file. This command can be used with Scroll Page Up to page backwards through the file, screen at a time. This command drops a Magic Marker, see Last Position command for more details. ___________________ 7.10 Start of File Bindings: Visual 200: HOME Visual 55: HOME Wyse 75: HOME and PF2 VT100: PF2 VT220: PF2 The cursor is moved to the start of the first line of the file. This command drops a Magic Marker, see Last Position Command for more details. _______________ 7.11 Word Left Bindings: Visual 200: F0 Al Other Terminals: F1 This moves the cursor to the start of the next word to the left, unless at the start of the line in which case it has no effect. A word is defined to be a group of letters, a group of numbers, or a single punctuation mark. White space (i.e. spaces and HTs are ignored). 9 ________________ 7.12 Word Right Bindings: Visual 200: F1 All Other Terminals: F2 This moves the cursor to the start of the next word to the right, unless at the end of the line in which case it has no effect. A word is defined to be a group of letters, a group of numbers, or a single punctuation mark. White space (i.e. spaces and HTs are ignored). _________________ 7.13 Up to Start Bindings: Visual 200: F2 All Other Terminals: F3 This moves the cursor to the start of the line above. This command drops a Magic Marker, see Last Position command for more details. ___________________ 7.14 Down to Start Bindings: Visual 200: F3 All Other Terminals: F4 This moves the cursor to the start of the line below. This command drops a Magic Marker, see Last Position command for more details. __________________ 7.15 Move to Line Bindings: All Terminals: LINE FEED This prompts "Line: " and expects a number. If RETURN is pressed immediately then the command has no effect. If a number is typed (followed by RETURN) then the cursor is moved to the line with that number. This is an absolute move, it is also possible to specify relative moves by using + or - before the number, for example the sequence LINE FEED + 1 0 RETURN will move 10 lines further on in the file. To find out the number of the current line, and the number of lines in the file, press ? in response to the prompt. No RETURN is needed. ____________________ 7.16 Move to Column Bindings: All Terminals: Ctrl-@ 10 This prompts "Column: " and expects a number. If RETURN is pressed immediately then the command has no effect. If a number is typed (followed by RETURN) then the cursor is moved to the column with that number. This is an absolute move, it is also possible to specify relative moves by using + or - before the number, for example the sequence Ctrl-@ - 1 5 RETURN will move 15 characters to the left. To find out the number of the current column, and the length of the current line, press ? in response to the prompt. No RETURN is needed. ____________________ 7.17 Scroll Page Up Bindings: Visual 55: N/A All Other Terminals: Function Keypad . The redraws the screen with the current line as the second bottom line, unless at the end of the file, when it will be the bottom of the screen. This command is normally used with the Start of Page command to page backwards through the file. On VT220 and Wyse 75 terminals the Prev Scrn key is defined to be a macro which preforms this function. ______________________ 7.18 Scroll Page Down Bindings: All Terminals: Keypad . The redraws the screen with the current line as the second top line, unless at the start of the file, when it will be the top of the screen. This command is normally used with the End of Page command to page forwards through the file. On VT220 and Wyse 75 terminals the Next Scrn key is defined to be a macro which preforms this function. ___________________ 7.19 Last Position Bindings: All Terminals: Ctrl-L This command is used to move back to the place you were before the last major move command. This very useful if you have accidently used the Start of File or End of File commands. Each command listed above as dropping a Magic Marker can be recovered. A record is kept of all Magic Markers from the start of the edit, but as the Last Position command is used they are eaten up. If a line which had a Mgic Marker on it is deleted then that Magic Marker is also deleted. 11 ____________ 8 Searching ___________ 9 Deletion _________ 10 Admin _______________ 11 Duplication ________________________ 12 Character Operations ___________ 13 Markers ___________ 14 Buffers ________________ 15 Journalising ___________________ 16 Profile Options MAN printed on 02/10/85 at 10.10 12